Interoceptive Exposure Cheat Sheet

Dr. Johnna Medina Daniels Profile
Dr. Johnna Medina Daniels

Dr. Johnna Medina Daniels

Licensed Psychologist

Expertise:

Addiction, Health Behavior Change, Exercise/Yoga Interventions for Mental Health, Acceptance & Commitment Therapy

Learn More About Dr. Medina Daniels
  • If you've ever experienced panic attacks or intense anxiety about physical sensations in your body, this resource is designed to help you take back control. This practical guide breaks down a proven therapeutic approach into simple, manageable steps that anyone can follow.

    You'll learn why your body's normal sensations—like a racing heart, shortness of breath, or dizziness—can trigger such intense fear, and more importantly, how to change your relationship with these feelings. Instead of avoiding or fighting these sensations, you'll discover safe, gradual exercises that help you become comfortable with them again.

    This resource provides step-by-step exercises you can do at home, clear explanations of what's happening in your body during panic, and practical tools like breathing techniques that actually work. You'll learn to recognize the difference between uncomfortable sensations and actual danger, build confidence through practice, and develop skills that work in real-life situations.

    1. Learn to distinguish between discomfort and danger in bodily sensations. Through hands-on experiential learning, you'll break the cycle of catastrophic misinterpretation that fuels panic disorder, learning to accurately assess physical sensations without triggering fear responses.

    2. Learn to apply progressive home-based skill-building exercises. You'll master techniques that transfer therapeutic gains to real-world settings, enabling you to independently manage anxiety responses in daily life situations with confidence and competence.

    3. Learn to implement targeted interoceptive exposure drills. You'll learn to conduct specific exposure exercises tailored to your individual sensitivity patterns, systematically reducing fear of bodily sensations through repeated, controlled practice in safe environments.

    • Barlow, D. H., Craske, M. G., Cerny, J. A., & Klosko, J. S. (1989). Behavioral treatment of panic disorder. Behavior therapy20(2), 261-282.

    • Beck, J. G., Shipherd, J. C., & Read, J. (1999). Response patterns to repeated CO2 inhalation in individuals with high anxiety sensitivity. Behaviour research and therapy37(11), 1073-1089.

    • Deacon, B. J., Lickel, J. J., Farrell, N. R., Kemp, J. J., & Hipol, L. J. (2013). Therapist perceptions and delivery of interoceptive exposure for panic disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders27(2), 259-264.

    • Smits, J. A., Powers, M. B., Cho, Y., & Telch, M. J. (2004). Mechanism of change in cognitive-behavioral treatment of panic disorder: evidence for the fear of fear mediational hypothesis. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology72(4), 646.

    • Telch, M. J., Cobb, A. R., & Lancaster, C. L. (2014). Exposure therapy. The Wiley handbook of anxiety disorders, 715-756.

    • Telch, M. J., Lucas, J. A., Schmidt, N. B., Hanna, H. H., Jaimez, T. L., & Lucas, R. A. (1993). Group cognitive-behavioral treatment of panic disorder. Behaviour research and therapy31(3), 279-287.

    • Van Diest, I. (2019). Interoception, conditioning, and fear: The panic threesome. Psychophysiology56(8), e13421.

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